In "Learning to Execute" by Zaremba & Sutskever http://arxiv.org/abs/1410.4615 An RNN learns snippets of python

Their next paper is "Reinforcement Learning Neural Turing Machines" http://arxiv.org/abs/1505.00521 based on Graves "Neural Turing Machines" http://arxiv.org/abs/1410.5401, which attempts to infer algorithms from the result.

In a lost BBC interview from 1951 Turing reputedly spoke of evolving cpu bitmasks for computation.

It would also be ideal to use a higher level interpreted language, and have it try to generate one page scripts rather than giant mega projects like linux.